Despite recent advances in anti–human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) treatments for HER2-positive biliary tract cancer (BTC), current guidelines lack clear thresholds for defining HER2 positivity in BTC. This study investigated the use of artificial intelligence (AI) to analyze HER2 expression and immune phenotypes (IP) in patients with HER2-positive BTC treated with anti-HER2 therapy.
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